Reykjanes Peninsula
Zone — systems within: Reykjaneshryggur · Eldey / Reykjanestá · Reykjanes / Svartsengi · Fagradalsfjall · Krýsuvík · Brennisteinsfjöll · Hengill · Hrómundartindur
Points = earthquake locations in the selected window, coloured by magnitude: M3+ · M2+ · smaller (a sample if more than 800).
Earthquakes
20
Largest
M1.3
M3,0+
0
Depth range
0–13 km
Earthquakes over time
Cumulative count · 20 earthquakes · total moment ≈ M1.5 · count moment
Depth (0 km at top). Grey: fixed depth.
Magnitude distribution
Depth cross-sections — color by age (orange=newest, grey=older), point size by M. Rising cluster = possible magma intrusion.
Earthquakes
27
Largest
M1.8
M3,0+
0
Depth range
0–15 km
Earthquakes over time
Cumulative count · 27 earthquakes · total moment ≈ M1.9 · count moment
Depth (0 km at top). Grey: fixed depth.
Magnitude distribution
Depth cross-sections — color by age (orange=newest, grey=older), point size by M. Rising cluster = possible magma intrusion.
Earthquakes
323
Largest
M2.2
M3,0+
0
Depth range
0–27 km
Earthquakes over time
Cumulative count · 323 earthquakes · total moment ≈ M2.7 · count moment
No significant hypocenter migration — activity is stationary (R²=0.11, n=323); no sign of a propagating dike. Migration shows automatically if R²≥0.30.
Depth (0 km at top). Grey: fixed depth.
Magnitude distribution
Depth cross-sections — color by age (orange=newest, grey=older), point size by M. Rising cluster = possible magma intrusion.
Earthquakes
1400
Largest
M4.1
M3,0+
5
Depth range
0–31 km
Earthquakes over time
Cumulative count · 1400 earthquakes · total moment ≈ M4.4 · count moment
Depth (0 km at top) — shallowing in the data (7.2→5.0 km). Grey: fixed depth.
Magnitude distribution
Depth cross-sections — color by age (orange=newest, grey=older), point size by M. Rising cluster = possible magma intrusion.
Gutenberg-Richter b ≈ 0.94 ± 0.08 (i.e. likely 0.85–1.02, M≥1.7, n=122)
Earthquakes
3498
Largest
M4.1
M3,0+
10
Depth range
0–31 km
Earthquakes over time
Cumulative count · 3498 earthquakes · total moment ≈ M4.5 · count moment
Depth (0 km at top). Grey: fixed depth.
Magnitude distribution
Depth cross-sections — color by age (orange=newest, grey=older), point size by M. Rising cluster = possible magma intrusion.
Gutenberg-Richter b ≈ 0.97 ± 0.06 (i.e. likely 0.91–1.03, M≥1.7, n=232)
Earthquakes
8559
Largest
M4.5
M3,0+
31
Depth range
0–31 km
Earthquakes over time
Cumulative count · 8559 earthquakes · total moment ≈ M5.0 · count moment
Depth (0 km at top). Grey: fixed depth.
Magnitude distribution
Depth cross-sections — color by age (orange=newest, grey=older), point size by M. Rising cluster = possible magma intrusion.
Gutenberg-Richter b ≈ 0.91 ± 0.03 (i.e. likely 0.88–0.94, M≥1.7, n=688)
Earthquakes
14268
Largest
M4.5
M3,0+
36
Depth range
0–31 km
Earthquakes over time
Cumulative count · 14268 earthquakes · total moment ≈ M5.0 · count moment
Depth (0 km at top). Grey: fixed depth.
Magnitude distribution
Depth cross-sections — color by age (orange=newest, grey=older), point size by M. Rising cluster = possible magma intrusion.
Gutenberg-Richter b ≈ 1.00 ± 0.03 (i.e. likely 0.97–1.03, M≥1.7, n=979)
Note: before February 2026 about half of events lacked an automatic magnitude, so magnitude-dependent figures (b-value, count of M≥X) under-count earlier periods — the catalogue is not homogeneous across this window. Cumulative moment is barely affected.
Earthquakes
33262
Largest
M4.5
M3,0+
106
Depth range
0–31 km
Earthquakes over time
Cumulative count · 33262 earthquakes · total moment ≈ M5.2 · count moment
Depth (0 km at top). Grey: fixed depth.
Magnitude distribution
Depth cross-sections — color by age (orange=newest, grey=older), point size by M. Rising cluster = possible magma intrusion.
Gutenberg-Richter b ≈ 0.96 ± 0.02 (i.e. likely 0.94–0.97, M≥1.7, n=2283)
Note: before February 2026 about half of events lacked an automatic magnitude, so magnitude-dependent figures (b-value, count of M≥X) under-count earlier periods — the catalogue is not homogeneous across this window. Cumulative moment is barely affected.
Earthquakes
237.072
Largest
M5.0
M3.0+
1492
Days with data
1.824
This is a reduced view: it is built from the daily aggregate (counts, moment, magnitude bands, depth histogram) rather than individual events. Map points, the depth scatter, cross-sections and the migration fit are therefore missing — they need each event's location and depth. Counts, total moment and the b-value are exact, not approximated.
Earthquakes over time
Cumulative count and moment
Total moment of all events in the window equals a single Mw 5.9
Magnitude distribution
<1176593
1–234531
2–37700
3–41339
≥4153
Gutenberg-Richter b ≈ 0.78 ± 0.01 (i.e. likely 0.77–0.78, M≥1.7, n=15305)
Note: before February 2026 about half of events lacked an automatic magnitude, so magnitude-dependent figures (b-value, count of M≥X) under-count earlier periods — the catalogue is not homogeneous across this window. Cumulative moment is barely affected.
Earthquakes
362.306
Largest
M5.0
M3.0+
2641
Days with data
3.621
This is a reduced view: it is built from the daily aggregate (counts, moment, magnitude bands, depth histogram) rather than individual events. Map points, the depth scatter, cross-sections and the migration fit are therefore missing — they need each event's location and depth. Counts, total moment and the b-value are exact, not approximated.
Earthquakes over time
Cumulative count and moment
Total moment of all events in the window equals a single Mw 6.1
Magnitude distribution
<1266472
1–260844
2–314449
3–42388
≥4253
Gutenberg-Richter b ≈ 0.79 ± 0.00 (i.e. likely 0.78–0.79, M≥1.7, n=28351)
Note: before February 2026 about half of events lacked an automatic magnitude, so magnitude-dependent figures (b-value, count of M≥X) under-count earlier periods — the catalogue is not homogeneous across this window. Cumulative moment is barely affected.
Earthquakes
409.543
Largest
M5.2
M3.0+
3162
Days with data
6.964
This is a reduced view: it is built from the daily aggregate (counts, moment, magnitude bands, depth histogram) rather than individual events. Map points, the depth scatter, cross-sections and the migration fit are therefore missing — they need each event's location and depth. Counts, total moment and the b-value are exact, not approximated.
Earthquakes over time
Cumulative count and moment
Total moment of all events in the window equals a single Mw 6.1
Magnitude distribution
<1293017
1–276473
2–318740
3–42873
≥4289
Gutenberg-Richter b ≈ 0.80 ± 0.00 (i.e. likely 0.79–0.80, M≥1.7, n=36358)
Note: before February 2026 about half of events lacked an automatic magnitude, so magnitude-dependent figures (b-value, count of M≥X) under-count earlier periods — the catalogue is not homogeneous across this window. Cumulative moment is barely affected.
Earthquakes
516.296
Largest
M6.1
M3.0+
3906
Days with data
10.861
This is a reduced view: it is built from the daily aggregate (counts, moment, magnitude bands, depth histogram) rather than individual events. Map points, the depth scatter, cross-sections and the migration fit are therefore missing — they need each event's location and depth. Counts, total moment and the b-value are exact, not approximated.
Earthquakes over time
Cumulative count and moment
Total moment of all events in the window equals a single Mw 6.6
Magnitude distribution
<1366485
1–2104095
2–323605
3–43535
≥4371
Gutenberg-Richter b ≈ 0.80 ± 0.00 (i.e. likely 0.80–0.81, M≥1.7, n=46004)
Note: before February 2026 about half of events lacked an automatic magnitude, so magnitude-dependent figures (b-value, count of M≥X) under-count earlier periods — the catalogue is not homogeneous across this window. Cumulative moment is barely affected.
Depth is automatic and uncertain; earthquakes alone do not show magma movement — deformation (GPS) and gas are needed. Grey points: automatic fixed-depth values. b-value computed for M≥1.5 (automatic magnitudes make lower completeness unreliable). Preliminary data.
Uplift — GNSS deformation (Reykjanes)
SENG (Svartsengi) — rapid, step-like deformation (eruption cycles); see chart
REYK (Reykjavík) — reference ~+25 mm/yr
Crustal deformation from continuous GNSS (Nevada Geodetic Lab, Eurasia plate-fixed). Up = land rising (possible magma accumulation), down = subsidence. Daily final solution with about a three-week lag (latest 2026-08-29); third-party reprocessing, not the Met Office real-time solution.
InSAR. InSAR (Sentinel-1 radar) maps surface deformation across the whole area, complementing the GNSS point measurements. Raw interferograms need expertise to read, so they are not shown here — interpreted deformation maps and current status: Icelandic Met Office · raw data: COMET LiCSAR.
Gas / SO₂. Volcanic gas (SO₂) is not shown here from raw data — Sentinel-5P TROPOMI needs heavy integration and is often faint at high latitudes outside major eruptions. Interpreted gas monitoring: air quality (Environment Agency) · MOUNTS Reykjanes ↗ · Copernicus atmosphere.